Senin, 26 Januari 2009

White House Presses for Economic Recovery Plan By P

President Barack Obama speaks to reporters during a meeting about the economy with Congressional leaders, 23 Jan 2009
President Barack Obama speaks to reporters during a meeting about the economy with Congressional leaders, 23 Jan 2009
U.S. President Barack Obama is aggressively campaigning for his multi-billion-dollar economic recovery plan. The president wants the package to clear Congress by mid-February.

On Sunday, President Obama dispatched his vice president and one of his top economic advisors to promote the plan in interviews on American television.

Appearing on the CBS program Face the Nation, Vice-President Joe Biden cautioned the nation's economic crisis is deepening, and there is no time to waste.

"It is getting worse every day," he said. "There has been no good news."

On NBC's Meet the Press, White House economic advisor Lawrence Summers stressed the nation's economy is in the worst shape since World War II. He said in order to meet the economic challenge, the president is trying to strike a balance between new government spending and tax cuts.

"The president has taken a balanced approach. He has indicated he is open to ideas from anywhere," said Summers. "No doubt the precise composition of the package will change as it works through Congress. And the president is very open to the best ideas of all kinds."

Increased spending is favored by the Democratic Party majority in Congress, while the Republican minority wants more of an emphasis on tax cuts.
The top Republican in the House of Representatives, Congressman John Boehner of Ohio, says the plan currently circulating on Capitol Hill is loaded with waste, and will not do enough to help average Americans. He predicts most Republicans will vote no.

He also appeared on Meet the Press.

"Right now, given the concerns that we have over the size of this package and all of the spending in this package, we don't think it is going to work," said Boehner.

President Obama met with Congressional leaders from both major political parties on Friday to discuss the economy. And he is expected to go to Capitol Hill on Tuesday to court Republican leaders.

The package currently making its way through Congress is expected to top $820 billion by the time it reaches the president's desk. The White House says the goal is to create four million new jobs - jump-starting an economy that lost 2.6 million jobs in 2008.

Selasa, 20 Januari 2009

Islam masuk di Papua


Islam masuk lebih awal sebelum agama lainnya di Papua. Namun, banyak upaya pengaburan, seolah-olah, Papua adalah pulau Kristen. Bagaimana sejarahnya?

Upaya-upaya pengkaburan dan penghapusan sejarah dakwah Islam berlangsung dengan cara sistematis di seantero negeri ini. Setelah Sumetera Utara, Kalimantan Barat, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Utara, dan Maluku diklaim sebagai kawasan Kristen, dengan berbagai potensi menariknya, Papua merupakan jualan terlaris saat ini. Papua diklaim milik Kristen!

Ironis, karena hal itu mengaburkan fakta dan data sebenarnya di mana Islam telah hadir berperan nyata jauh sebelum kedatangan mereka (agama Kristen Missionaris).

Berikut catatan Ali Atwa, wartawan Majalah Suara Hidayatullah dan juga penulis buku ?Islam Atau Kristen Agama Orang Irian (Papua)? tentang Islam di Bumi Cenderawasih bagian pertama:

Menurut HJ. de Graaf, seorang ahli sejarah asal Belanda, Islam hadir di Asia Tenggara melalui tiga cara: Pertama, melalui dakwah oleh para pedagang Muslim dalam alur perdagangan yang damai; kedua, melalui dakwah para dai dan orang-orang suci yang datang dari India atau Arab yang sengaja ingin mengislamkan orang-orang kafir; dan ketiga, melalui kekuasan atau peperangan dengan negara-negara penyembah berhala.


Dari catatan-catatan yang ada menunjukkan bahwa kedatangan Islam di tanah Papua, sesungguhnya sudah sanggat lama. Islam datang ke sana melalui jalur-jalur perdagangan sebagaimana di kawasan lain di nusantara.

Sayangnya hingga saat ini belum ditentukan secara persis kapan hal itu terjadi. Sejumlah seminar yang pernah digelar seperti di Aceh pada tahun 1994, termasuk yang dilangsungkan di ibukota provinsi Kabupaten Fakfak dan di Jayapura pada tahun 1997, belum menemukan kesepakatan itu. Namun yang pasti, jauh sebelum para misionaris menginjakkan kakinya di kawasan ini, berdasarkan data otentik yang diketemukan saat ini menunjukkan bahwa muballigh-muballigh Islam telah lebih dahulu berada di sana.

Aktivitas dakwah Islam di Papua merupakan bagian dari rangkaian panjang syiar Islam di Nusantara. Menurut kesimpulan yang ditarik di dalam sebuah seminar tentang masuknya Islam ke Indonesia, Medan 1963, Islam masuk ke Indonesia sudah sejak abad ke-7 dan ke-8 Masehi. Di mana daerah pertama yang didatangi oleh Islam adalah pesisir Utara Sumatera, dan setelah berkembangnya para pemeluk Islam, maka kerajaan Islam yang pertama di Indonesia ialah Kerajaaan Perlak, tahun 840.

Perkembangan agama Islam bertambah pesar pada masa Kerajaan Samudera Pasai, sehingga menjadi pusat kajian Agama Islam di Asia Tenggara. Saat itu dalam pengembangan pendidikan Islam mendapatkan dukungan dari pimpinan kerajaan, sultan, uleebalang, panglima sagi dan lain-lain. Setelah kerajaan Perlak, berturut-turut muncul Kerajaan Islam Samudera Pasai (1042), Kerajaan Islam Aceh (1025), Kerajaan Islam Benua Tamiah (1184), Kerajaan Islam Darussalam(1511).

Sebagian ahli sejarah berpendapat bahwa sebelum tahun 1416 Islam sudah masuk di Pulau Jawa. Penyiaran Islam pertama di tanah jawa dilakukan oleh Wali Songo (Wali Sembilan). Yang terkenal sebagai orang yang mula-mula memasukkan Islam ke Jawa ialah Maulana Malik Ibrahim yang meninggal tahun 1419. Ketika Portugis mendaratkan kakinya di pelabuhan Sunda Kelapa tahun 1526, Islam sudah berpengaruh di sini yang dipimpin oleh Falatehan. Putera Falatehan, Hasanuddin, pada tahun 1552 oleh ayahnya diserahi memimpin banten.

Di bawah pemerintahannya agama Islam terus berkembang. Dari Banten menjalar ke Sumatera Selatan, Lampung dan Bengkulu. Juga di pula Madura agama Islam berkembang.

Pada pertengahan abad ke-16 penduduk Minangkabau memeluk Islam begitu juga di Gayo Sumatera Utara. Ketika Sultan Malaka terakhir diusir oleh Portugis, ia menetap di Pulau Bintan, yang kala itu sudah menjadi negeri Islam (1511).

Pada tahun 1514, sebagian penduduk Brunai di Kalimantan sudah memeluk agama Islam. Bahkan pada tahun 1541, raja Brunai sendiri masuk Islam. Di Kalimantan Barat, Sambar, yang menjadi bawahan negeri johor, penduduknya sudah masuk Islam pada pertengahan abad ke-16. Di bagian selatan Kalimantan yang tadinya merupakan wilayah kekuasaan Kejaraan Majapahit, setelah Majapahit ditaklukan oleh Kerajaan Islam Demak. Masuknya Islam di Banjarmasin sekitar tahun 1550, dan pada tahun 1620 di Kotawaringin telah terdapat seorang raja yang memeluk agama Islam.

Pada tahun 1600 Kerajaan Pasir dan Kutai telah menjadi daerah Islam. Seabad kemudian menyusul Kerajaan Berau dan Bulungan. Di Sulawesi raja Goa tahun 1603 masuk Islam. Selanjutnya raja Goa mengislamkan daerah-daerah di sekitarnya seperti Bone [1606], Soppeng [1609], Bima (1626), Sumbawa (1626) juga Luwu, Palopo, mandar, Majene menjadi daerah Islam.

Di wilayah Sulawesi Utara mulai dari Mandar sampai Manado pada pertengahan abad ke -16 menjadi bawahan Kerajaan Ternate yang rajanya adalah seorang Muslim. Atas ajakan raja Ternate, raja Bolaang Mongondow memeluk Islam. Terus ke timur di kepulauan Maluku pada mula abad ke-16 telah memiliki kerajaan Islam yakni Kerajaan Bacan. Muballigh dari kerajaan Ini terus mendakwahkan Islam ke kawasan tetangganya di Papua melalui jalur perdagangan.

Sejak Zaman Kerajaan Majapahit
Seorang Guru Besar Bidang Arkeologi Fakultas Sastra Universitas Negeri Malang, Dr. Moehammad Habib Mustofo, yang sekaligus Ketua Asosiasi Ahli Epigrafi Indonesia (AAEI) Jawa Timur menjelaskan bahwa dakwah Islam sudah ada sejak zaman Kerajaan Majapahit.

Apalagi dengan diketemukanya data artefakt yang waktunya terentang antara 1368-1611M yang membuktikan adanya komunitas Muslim di sikitar Pusat Keraton Majapahit, di Troloyo, yakni sebuah daerah bagian selatan Pusat Keraton Majapahit yang waktu itu terdapat di Trowulan.

Situs Islam di Troloyo sudah dikenal sejak abad XIX, namun para ilmuwan meragukan kepentingan nisan-nisan itu sebagai salah satu sumber primer yang penting berkaitan dengan islamisasi di Jawa.

L.W.C. van den Berg, pada laporannya tertanggal 1 Februari 1887 tentang data epigrafi Arab di Situs Troloyo meragukan keasliannya, karena tulisan Arabnya yang kasar dan banyak salah tulis. Selanjutnya ia berpendapat bahwa inskripsi Arabnya sengaja ditambahkan kemudian pada artefak yang berisi tahun saka itu (Damais, 1957:365).

Pendapat lain dikemukakan oleh Veth, yang memperkirakan bahwa nisan-nisan tersebut berasal dari bagu candi. N.J. Krom menyatakan sittus Troloyo tidak mempunyai nilai arkeologis(Krom, 1923:184).

Sikap para sarjana terhadap temuan di Troloyo tersebut mulai berubah sejak tahun 1942. W.F. Stuterheim yang menjabat sebagai kepala Oudheidkundig Diens, menjelang penduddukan Jepang di Indonesia mengajak L.C. Damais ke Situs Troloyo. Stuterhem mengharapkan temuan Damais, yang seorang antropolog berkebangsaan Perancis itu akan menambah pengetahuan baru dalam arkeologi Islam. Hasil penelitian Damais itu baru dipublikasikan pada tahun 1957.

Dari hasil penelitian Damais didapat pandangan yang menarik karena di sana didapati suatu interaksi antara komunitas Muslim saat itu dengan para penganut Hindu-Budha di bawah pemerintahan Majapahit.


Kesimpulan tersebut didasarkan atas studi huruf Jawa kuno dalam konteks makam Islam di daerah Troloyo tertulis tahun 1368-1611M. Kajian tentang huruf yang terdapat pada nisan Islam di Troloyo tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk angka Jawa kuno dipengaruhi oleh bentuk tulisan Arab yang serba tebal dan besar.

Kajian oleh L.C. Damais dan de Casparis dari sudut paleografi membuktikan bahwa telah terjadi saling pengaruh antara dua kebudayaan yang berbeda (yakni antara Hindu-Budha-Islam) pada awal perkembangan Islam di Jawa Timur. Melalui data-data tersebut, Habib ingin menjelaskan bahwa sesungguhnya dakwah Islam sudah terjadi terjadi jauh sebelum keruntuhan total kerajaan Majapahit yakni tahun 1527M. Dengan kata lain, ketika kerajaan Majapahit berada di puncak kejayaannya, syiar Islam juga terus menggeliat melalui jalur-jalur perdagangan di daerah-daerah yang menjadi kekuasaan Majapahit di delapan mandala (meliputi seluruh nusantara) hingga malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, hingga di seluruh kepulauan Papua.

Masa antara abad XIV-XV memiliki arti penting dalam sejarah kebudayaan Nusantara, di mana pada saat itu ditandai hegemoni Majapahit sebagai Kerajaan Hindu-Budha mulai pudar. Se-zaman dengan itu, muncul jaman baru yang ditandai penyebaran Islam melalui jalar perdagangan Nusantara.

Melalui jalur damai perdagangan itulah, Islam kemudian semakin dikenal di tengah masyarakat Papua. Kala itu penyebaran Islam masih relatif terbatas di kota-kota pelabuhan. Para pedagang dan ulama menjadi guru-guru yang sangat besar pengaruhnya di tempat-tempat baru.

Sebagai kerajaan tangguh masa itu, kekuasaan Kerajaan Majapahit meliputi seluruh wilayah Nusantara, termasuk Papua. Beberapa daerah di kawasan tersebut bahkan disebut-sebut dalam kitab Negarakertagama, sebagai wilayah Yurisdiksinya. Keterangan mengenai hal itu antara disebutkan sebagai berikut:

"Muwah tang i Gurun sanusanusa mangaram ri Lombok Mirah lawan tikang i Saksakadi nikalun kahaiyan kabeh nuwati tanah i bantayan pramuka Bantayan len luwuk teken Udamakatrayadhi nikang sanusapupul".

"Ikang sakasanusasanusa Makasar Butun Banggawai Kuni Ggaliyao mwang i [ng] Salaya Sumba Solot Muar muwah tigang i Wandan Ambwan Athawa maloko Ewanin ri Sran ini Timur ning angeka nusatutur".

Dari keterangan yang diperoleh dalam kitab klasik itu, menurut sejumlah ahli bahasa yang dimaksud "Ewanin" adalah nama lain untuk daerah "Onin" dan "Sran" adalah nama lain untuk "Kowiai". Semua tempat itu berada di Kaimana, Fak-Fak. Dari data tersebut menjelaskan bahwa pada zaman Kerajaan Majapahit sejumlah daerah di Papua sudah termasuk wilayah kekuasaan Majapahit.

Menurut Thomas W. Arnold : "The Preaching of Islam?, setelah kerajaan Majapahit runtuh, dikalahkan oleh kerajaan Islam Demak, pemegang kekuasan berikutnya adalah Demak Islam. Dapat dikatakan sejak zaman baru itu, pengaruh kerajaan Islam Demak juga menyebar ke Papua, baik langsung maupun tidak.

Dari sumber-sumber Barat diperoleh catatan bahwa pada abad ke XVI sejumlah daerah di Papua bagian barat, yakni wilayah-wilayah Waigeo, Missool, Waigama, dan Salawati, tunduk kepada kekuasaan Sultan Bacan di Maluku.

Catatan serupa tertuang dalam sebuah buku yang dikeluarkan oleh Periplus Edition, di buku ?Irian Jaya?, hal 20 sebuah wadah sosial milik misionaris menyebutkan tentang daerah yang terpengaruh Islam. Dalam kitab Negarakertagama, di abad ke 14 di sana ditulis tentang kekuasaan kerajaan Majapahit di Jawa Timur, di mana di sana disebutkan dua wilayah di Irian yakni Onin dan Seran

Bahkan lebih lanjut dijelaskan: Namun demikian armada-armada perdagangan yang berdatangan dari Maluku dan barangkali dari pulau Jawa di sebelah barat kawasan ini, telah memiliki pengaruh jauh sebelumnya.

....Pengaruh ras austronesia dapat dilihat dari kepemimpinan raja di antara keempat suku, yang boleh jadi diadaptasi dari Kesultanan Ternate, Tidore dan Jailolo. Dengan politik kontrol yang ketat di bidang perdagangan pengaruh kekuasaan Kesultanan Ternate di temukan di raja Ampat di Sorong dan di seputar Fakfak dan diwilayah Kaimana

Sumber cerita rakyat mengisahkan bahwa daerah Biak Numfor telah menjadi bagian dari wilayah kekuasaan Sultan Tidore.

Sejak abad ke-XV. Sejumlah tokoh lokal, bahkan diangkat oleh Sultan Tidore menjadi pemimpin-pemimpin di Biak. Mereka diberi berbagai macam gelar, yang merupakan jabatan suatu daerah. Sejumlah nama jabatan itu sekarang ini dapat ditemui dalam bentuk marga/fam penduduk Biak Numfor.

Kedatangan Orang Islam Pertama
Berdasarkan keterangan di atas jelaslah bahwa, masuknya Islam ke Papua, tidak bisa dilepaskan dengan jalur dan hubungan daerah ini dengan daerah lain di Indonesia. Selain faktor pengaruh kekuasaan Kerajaan Majapahit, masuknya Islam ke kawasan ini adalah lewat Maluku, di mana pada masa itu terdapat kerajaan Islam berpengaruh di kawasan Indonesia Timur, yakni kerajaan Bacan.

Bahkan keberadaan Islam Bacan di Maluku sejak tahun 1520 M dan telah menguasai beberapa daerah di Papua pada abad XVI telah tercatat dalam sejarah. Sejumlah daerah seperti Waigeo, Misool, Waigama dan Salawati pada abad XVI telah mendapat pengaruh dari ajaran Islam. Melalui pengaruh Sultan Bacan inilah maka sejumlah pemuka masyarakat di pulau-pulau tadi memeluk agama Islam, khususnya yang di wilayah pesisir. Sementara yang dipedalaman masih tetap menganut faham animisme.

Thomas Arnold yang seorang orientalis berkebangsaan Inggris memberi catatan kaki dalam kaitannya dengan wilayah Islam tersebut: ??beberapa suku Papua di pulau Gebi antara Waigyu dan Halmahera telah diislamkan oleh kaum pendatang dari Maluku"

Tentang masuk dan berkembangnya syi'ar Islam di daerah Papua, lebih lanjut Arnold menjelaskan: ?Di Irian sendiri, hanya sedikit penduduk yang memeluk Islam. Agama ini pertama kali dibawa masuk ke pesisir barat [mungkin semenanjung Onin] oleh para pedagang Muslim yang berusaha sambil berdakwah di kalangan penduduk, dan itu terjadi sejak tahun 1606. Tetapi nampaknya kemajuannya berjalan sangat lambat selama berabad-abad kemudian..."


Bila ditinjau dari laporan Arnold tersebut, maka berarti masuknya Islam ke daerah Papua terjadi pada awal abad ke XVII, atau dua abad lebih awal dari masuknya agama Kristen Protestan yang masuk pertama kali di daerah Manokwari pada tahun 1855, yaitu ketika dua orang missionaris Jerman bernama C.W. Ottow dan G.J. Geissler mendarat dan kemudian menjadi pelopor kegiatan missionaris di sana. (Ali Atwa, penulis buku ?Islam Atau Kristen Agama Orang Irian (Papua).? (Hidayatullah)

Full Window : http://swaramuslim.net/galery/papua/index.php

Minggu, 18 Januari 2009

alamat situs untuk Lidya

http://www.google.co.id/search?hl=id&q=indonesia+religion+journal&btnG=Telusuri&meta=

klo mo nyari di google, ketik ja "indonesia religion journal"

Kamis, 15 Januari 2009

islam di vietnam


Sekilas tentang Vietnam Vietnam adalah negara sosialis yang berpenduduk + 80 juta jiwa dengan wilayah seluas 331.688 km2. Negara beribukota Hanoi ini terbagi dalam 59 provinsi dan lima kota setingkat provinsi. Sejumlah provinsi diklasifikasi dalam delapan wilayah, yaitu: Northwest, Northeast, Red River Delta, North Central Coast, South Central Coast, Sentral Highland, Southeast, dan Mekong River Delta. Secara geografis, Vietnam masih berada di Asia Tenggara, persisnya di kawasan Indochina, dengan batas RRC di bagian utara. Sedangkan di bagian barat Vietnam dibatasi oleh negara Laos dan Kamboja. Vietnam memiliki kemiripan sejarah dengan Indonesia. Vietnam dijajah oleh Perancis selama lebih dari satu setengah abad, kemudian pada tahun 1941 digantikan oleh Jepang. Vietnam merdeka pada tanggal 2 September 1945 setelah berhasil mengusir Jepang yang telah menjajahnya selama 4 tahun. Akan tetapi kemerdekaan tersebut tidak diakui oleh Perancis yang masih merasa memiliki Vietnam. Keadaan ini menyebabkan terjadinya perang dengan Perancis selama delapan tahun yang berakhir dengan kekalahan Perancis pada tahun 1854. Menyerahnya Perancis tidak mengakhiri peperangan di Vietnam. Karena Vietnam terpecah menjadi dua negara. Pertama Vietnam Utara yang merdeka di bawah pimpinan Ho Chi Minh. Yang kemudian berkembang menjadi negara komunis. Yang kedua Vietnam Selatan yang cenderung kapitalis karena didukung oleh Amerika Serikat. Perang saudara kedua negara pecah pada tahun 1969. Vietnam Selatan yang didukung oleh Amerika Serikat, akhirnya takluk dengan Vietnam Utara yang dibantu oleh negara-negara Timur, terutama RRC. Perang yang menewaskan ribuan rakyat kedua belah pihak dan sejumlah tentara Amerika masuk dalam istilah MIA (missing in action) ini baru berakhir pada tahun 1975, dan Amerika angkat kaki dari negara itu. Perang yang kejam ini sempat melahirkan killing field yang diangkat ke layar lebar oleh industri perfilman Hollywood. Dengan berakhirnya perang itu, maka pada tahun 1976 kedua Vietnam bersatu dalam satu bendera di bawah nama Republik Sosialis Demokrasi Vietnam, dengan lagu kebangsaan Tien Quan Cha. Di awal berdirinya, Vietnam mengalami kesulitan ekonomi hebat hingga tahun 1990. Kesulitan ini antara lain karena adanya embargo dari Amerika Serikat dan sekutunya di Eropa. Namun pada tahun 1990– sejak ditemukannya kandungan minyak bumi di perut negara itu – Vietnam menunjukkan perbaikan ekonomi secara mengejutkan. Laporan Bank Dunia mencatat, bahwa Vietnam merupakan negara yang memiliki perkembangan ekonomi tercepat kedua di dunia, dengan angka pertumbuhan GDP (Gross Domestic Product) per tahun antara 2000-2004 rata-rata sebesar 7%. Presiden Nguyen Minh Triet dan Perdana Menteri Nguyen Tan Dung boleh berbangga, karena pada tahun 2007 ini Bank Dunia mencatat, bahwa pendapatan per kapita rakyat Vietnam mencapai US$ 3.025. Sejarah Masuknya Islam di Vietnam Negeri Melayu Champa berdiri sekitar pada abad ke-3 hingga abad ke-15 M dengan kekuatan dan pengaruh yang sangat luas. Sebagaimana kerajaan melayu yang lain, pada saat itu agama Hindu dan Budha sangat mempengaruhi corak pemerintahan kerajaan dengan unsur ketuhanan yang menjadi panutan rakyat. Daerah kekuasaan kerajaan Champa terletak di pertengahan dan selatan Vietnam. Monumen dan artifak-artifak masih dapat dilihat sebagai bukti sejarah yang menakjubkan. Peninggalan-peninggalan tersebut dapat memberikan gambaran tingginya upaya bangsa Champa dalam mengolah pemikiran abstrak serta nilainilai falsafah yang sangat tinggi. Kebijakan terhadap agama di Vietnam mengikuti amanat Ho Chi Minh sehari setelah pernyataan kemerdekaan pada tanggal 3 September 1945. Ada enam hal penting yang disampaikan oleh Ho, satu di antaranya adalah kepastian adanya kebebasan bagi warganegara untuk mengikuti atau tidak mengikuti agama. Karena itu sejak konstitusinya yang pertama kebebasan beragama merupakan salah satu dari lima hak dan kewajiban yang utama dari warganegara. Pada Pasal 10 konstitusi itu menyatakan bahwa hak terhadap kebebasan berbicara, kebebasan melakukan penerbitan, kebebasan untuk berorganisasi dan berkumpul, kebebasan beragama, dan kebebasan untuk melakukan perjalanan baik di dalam negeri maupun di luar negeri. Kebebasan beragama (juga kebebasan untuk tidak beragama) diatur pula dalam Konstitusi 1959 dan terakhir dalam Konstitusi 1992. Salah satu pasal Konstitusi 1992 yang masih berlaku sampai saat ini menyatakan, bahwa setiap warganegara memiliki hak untuk bebas beragama baik menjadi pengikut agama maupun tidak menjadi pengikut agama. Semua agama mempunyai persamaan di depan hukum. Tempat beribadat umat beragama dilindungi oleh undang-undang. Tak seorang pun diperbolehkan mengganggu kebebasan berkepercayaan dan beragama, atau mengambil keuntungan dari agama secara melawan undang-undang dan kebijakan negara. Ketika berkunjung ke Jakarta awal November tahun lalu, Dr. Nguyen Thanh Xuan, Ketua Delegasi Keagamaan Vietnam mengatakan bahwa semua agama diatur oleh Departemen Agama Vietnam, kecuali “agama” Kong Fu Chu. Mengapa? Karena Kong Fu Chu menurut Xuan hanyalah filosofi manusia, bukan agama (www.walubi.or.id/). Di samping konstitusi terdapat juga peraturan pemerintah yang antara lain mengatur tentang organisasi agama, pendaftaran organisasi agama, perizinan kegiatan keagamaan, penggunaan tanah untuk rumah ibadah, pencarian dana oleh umat beragama, dan tatacara organisasi agama melakukan hubungan internasional. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemerintah pada dasarnya hanya mengatur tentang pengorganisasian dan pelaksanaan kegiatan umat beragama agar tidak dilakukan secara liar. Artinya Pemerintah Vietnam sama sekali tidak ikut mencampuri persoalan internal umat beragama dan tidak ikut serta memikirkan pengembangan ataupun pendidikan agama. Jika pun pemerintah ikut membiayai kegiatan atau penerbitan kitab-kitab agama, hal itu semata-mata merupakan bantuan sekaligus kontrol terhadap organisasi keagamaan. Potret Agama-agama Kehidupan beragama di Vietnam telah dimulai sejak puluhan bahkan ratusan tahun yang lampau. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya rumah-rumah ibadah yang yang telah berumur ratusan tahun. Gereja Phat Diem Katedral di Propinsi Ninh Binh, misalnya telah dibangun pada tahun 1875. Begitu pula Pagoda Taifung di Propinsi Ha Tai telah berdiri sejak tahun 1554 dan Pagoda Huong Tich di propinsi yang sama juga telah dibangun sejak abad ke-11. Warganegara Vietnam yang tercatat memeluk agama berjumlah + 20 juta orang atau 25% dari jumlah penduduk seluruhnya. Agama-agama resmi yang di negara itu adalah Budha, Katolik, Kristen, Cao Dai, Hua Hao, dan Islam. Dari segi jumlah pemeluk agama Budha menempati urutan terbesar, yakni lebih kurang 10 juta orang. Umat Budha menyebar di seluruh provinsi yang ada di Vietnam. Majelis Agama Budha memiliki empat buah institut agama Budha, 38 sekolah agama, dan lebih 5.000 orang biksu/biksuni. Urutan kedua ditempati oleh agama Katolik. Agama ini masuk ke Vietnam pada tahun 1533 pada masa raja Lee Trang Ton dibawa oleh seorang pengusaha bernama Ignatius. Saat ini umat Katolik di Vietnam berjumlah hampir 6 juta orang. Keberadaan umat Katolik didukung oleh 26 wilayah gereja, dua orang kardinal, tiga uskup agung, dan 43 uskup. Lembaga Keuskupan Agama Katolik dibentuk pada tahun 1980 yang masing-masing kepengurusan berlangsung selama tiga tahun. Agama Kristen masuk ke urutan ketiga dengan jumlah pemeluk sekitar sejuta orang. Umat Kristen di Vietnam terbagi dalam empat kelompok yaitu Confederasi Evangelis atau Northern Church, Gereja Dataran Tinggi bagian Utara, Asosiasi Misionaris Protestan, dan provinsi Binh Phruoc dan Dataran tinggi tengah. Agama Kristen pertama kali masuk ke Vietnam pada tahun 1887 dibawa oleh Pasto A.B. Simpson. Majelis Agama Kristen memiliki sebuah lembaga pendidikan dan 10 kursus-kursus keagamaan. Agama Islam termasuk di antara agama yang eksistensinya diakui di negara itu. Islam masuk ke Vietnam antara abad ke 11 – 14 dibawa oleh pedagang Timur Tengah dan Asia Barat. Komunitas Islam – yang di seantero negeri jumlahnya baru mencapai sekitar 66.000 orang itu – banyak berada di wilayah yang didiami oleh suku Champa dan provinsi bagian selatan. Islam di Vietnam terbagi dalam dua kelompok, yaitu Camp Ba-ni, biasa disebut kelompok Islam kuno dan Camp Islam atau kelompok Islam baru. Selain agama-agama yang sudah disebutkan itu, masih terdapat agama-agama lain di Vietnam yang masih agak asing di telinga kita. Sebut saja misalnya agama Cao Dai. Agama ini merupakan agama lokal yang berpusat di Propinsi Thai Ninh. Pengikut agama Cao Dai tersebar di seluruh Vietnam dengan jumlah pengikut cukup besar, mendekati tiga juta orang. Di Kota Thay Ninh terdapat suatu lokasi yang dianggap sebagai tanah suci umat agama penyembah dewa ini. Di sanalah para pimpinan Majelis Agama Cao Dai, dan dari sana agama ini dikendalikan. Di tanah suci tersebut juga terdapat kuil utama yang setiap tahun dikunjungi oleh umat Cao Dai dari seluruh penjuru Viet Nam. Di kuil tersebut, selain patung dewa-dewa, yang menjadi lambang persembahan adalah suatu bulatan besar berbentuk bola yang di tengahnya terdapat gambar sebuah mata manusia. Kota Tay Ninh sendiri terletak di barat laut sekitar 100 kilometer dari Saigon (bekas ibukota Vietnam Selatan). Situs www.asiamaya.com/ menyebutkan, bahwa agama Cao Dai merupakan gabungan dari unsur-unsur agama Kristen, Buddha, Khong Hu Chu, Tao, Islam dan mungkin masih ada sejumlah agama lainnya. Cara beribadah dalam agama ini adalah dengan memuja orang-orang suci yang karakternya sungguh berbeda, seperti Dewa Brahma dalam agama Hindu dan Sir Winston Churchill; Musa dan penulis dari Perancis, Victor Hugo. Agama ini diciptakan pada tahun 1920-an oleh seorang pejabat pemerintah Vietnam, Ngo Van Chieu. Di Tay Ninh, Kuil Agung Cao Dai merupakan katedral yang paling penting bagi agama ini. Terpisah dari katedral, ada sejumlah bangunan lain, dan di antaranya ada sebuah sekolah. Semua bangunan dicat dengan warna kuning pastel. Katedral ini dibangun dengan gaya campuran antara gaya timur dan unsur Eropa. Pria dan wanita masuk ke dalam katedral dari pintu yang berbeda. Masih terdapat setidaknya satu agama lokal lagi, yakni agama Hoahao dengan jumlah umat sekitar sejuta orang. Karena kemiripannya dengan Budha, agama ini biasa juga disebut Budha Hoa Hao. Bedanya, simbol Budha yang disembah penganut agama ini bukanlah patung, melainkan sehelai kain berwarna coklat yang melambangkan “Budha adalah hati dan hati yang baik adalah Budha”. (bersambung) hq.

Kamis, 08 Januari 2009

American History Series: US Gets a New President in 1837, and a Depression




Welcome to the MAKING OF A NATION – American history in VOA Special English.

Martin Van Buren was sworn-in as the eighth president of the United States in eighteen thirty-seven. Not long after he took office, the United States suffered an economic depression.

Martin Van Buren
Martin Van Buren
Many state banks had printed more money than they could guarantee with gold or silver. As more paper money came into use, the value fell. Prices rose sharply. Some people could not buy food or other necessities. In a short time, the demand on banks to exchange paper money for gold and silver grew too heavy. The banks halted such exchanges. They said the situation was only temporary. But the crisis continued.

This week in our series, Harry Monroe and Tony Riggs talk about the economic situation. And they discuss foreign affairs during the Van Buren presidency.

VOICE TWO:

Many of the weaker state banks closed after gold and silver payments were suspended. Those that stayed open had almost no money to lend. Businessmen could not pay back money they owed the banks. And they could not get loans to keep their businesses open. Many factories closed. Great numbers of people were out of work.

The federal government itself lost nine million dollars because of bank failures. Businessmen said the government was to blame for the economic depression. They said the biggest reason was an order made by former president Andrew Jackson. Jackson had said the government would not accept paper money as payment for the purchase of government land. It would accept only gold or silver.

Opponents of the order said it had caused fear and mistrust. Even some of Jackson's strongest supporters said the order should be lifted. They said it had done its job of ending land speculation. Now, they said, it was hurting the economy.

VOICE ONE:

Two of President Van Buren's closest advisers urged him to continue the order. Lifting it, they argued, would flood the federal government with paper money of questionable value.

A cartoon drawing from 1837 making fun of Martin Van Buren's financial policies
A cartoon drawing from 1837 making fun of Martin Van Buren's financial policies
Van Buren was troubled about the government's money. He wanted to make sure the government had enough money. And he wanted this money safe until needed.

At the same time, Van Buren did not believe the federal government had the responsibility for ending the depression. And he did not believe the government had the right to interfere in any way with private business. So Van Buren decided to continue the order. No government land could be bought with paper money.

The economy got worse. The president called a special meeting of Congress. In his message to Congress, Van Buren said "over-banking and over-trading" had caused the depression. He proposed several steps to protect the government.

(MUSIC)

VOICE TWO:

Van Buren asked Congress to postpone payment of surplus federal government money to the states. He said the money would be needed to operate the federal government in the coming year. He also asked Congress to pass a law permitting the government to keep its own money in the Treasury, instead of putting it in private banks. This was the so-called "independent Treasury" bill.

The opposition Whig Party denounced the president's proposals. It criticized Van Buren for thinking only of protecting the federal government -- and not helping businessmen, farmers and the states.

Whig opposition was not strong enough to defeat all the president's proposals. Congress approved a bill to postpone payment of surplus federal government money to the states. But the Whigs -- together with conservative Democrats -- rejected the proposal for an independent Treasury.

VOICE ONE:

America's Treasury Department received money when it collected import taxes and sold land. It used this money to pay what the government owed. The Treasury did not, however, hold the money from the time it was collected to the time it was paid out.

The Treasury put the money in private banks. President Van Buren wanted to end this situation. He wanted a law to permit the Treasury to keep government money in its own secure places.

The Whigs argued that such a law would give presidents too much power over the economy. Some Democrats who believed strongly in states' rights also opposed it. Between them, they had enough votes in Congress to defeat the proposal.

VOICE TWO:

President Van Buren tried again the following year to get approval for an independent Treasury. Again, the proposal was defeated.

Finally, in June, eighteen-forty, Congress passed a law permitting the Treasury Department to hold government money itself. Van Buren signed the bill. The economic depression of eighteen thirty-seven lasted for six years. It was the major problem -- but not the only problem -- during Van Buren's one term as president.

(MUSIC)

VOICE ONE:

In foreign affairs, one of the chief problems Van Buren faced was a dispute with Britain about Canada. Canadian rebels had tried two times to end British rule of Canada. They failed both times. Rebel leaders were forced to flee to safety in the United States. There they found it easy to get men and supplies to help them continue their struggle.

A drawing of the American ship Caroline, seized by Canadian soldiers. They set fire to it and pushed it over Niagara Falls.
A drawing of the American ship Caroline, seized by Canadian soldiers. They set fire to it and pushed it over Niagara Falls.
The rebels built a base on a Canadian island in the Niagara River which formed part of the border between the two countries. They used an American boat to carry supplies from the American side to their base. In December eighteen thirty-seven, Canadian soldiers crossed the Niagara River and seized the boat. One American was killed in the fight.

VOICE TWO:

For a while, Canadian forces and Canadian rebels exchanged attacks on river boats. A number of American citizens fought with the rebels. President Van Buren was troubled. He declared that the wish to help others become independent was a natural feeling among Americans. But, he said no American had a right to invade a friendly country. He warned that citizens who fought against the Canadian government, and were captured, could expect no help from the United States.

VOICE ONE:

Another problem between the United States and Canada at that time concerned the border along the state of Maine. That part of the border had been in dispute ever since seventeen eighty-three when Britain recognized the independence of the American states.

Years later, the king of the Netherlands agreed to decide the dispute. The king said it was impossible to decide the border from words of the peace treaty between Britain and the United States. So he offered what he believed was a fair settlement instead: The United States would get about two times as much of the disputed area as Canada.

Britain accepted the proposal by the king of the Netherlands. The United States did not. The United States refused, because the state of Maine would not accept it.

VOICE TWO:

In eighteen thirty-eight, Britain withdrew its acceptance of the proposal. And Canadians entered the disputed area. The governor of Maine sent state forces to the area. The soldiers drove out the Canadians and built forts. Canada, too, began to prepare for war.

General Winfield Scott
General Winfield Scott
President Van Buren sent General Winfield Scott to Maine. Scott was able to get the governor to withdraw his forces from the disputed area. He also received guarantees that Canadian forces would not enter the area. The danger of war passed.

VOICE ONE:

Americans in the border area, however, were angry with President Van Buren. They believed Van Buren was weak, because he did not want war. Not only in the Northeast was the president losing support. People all over the country were suffering because of the economic depression.

Most people believed Van Buren was responsible for their troubles, because he did not end the depression. The economy had fallen apart because of the hard money policies of former President Andrew Jackson, and the opposition to those policies by businessmen and bankers. And Van Buren did nothing to change those policies.

VOICE TWO:

Van Buren had been a good political adviser to President Jackson. But he had not been a strong president. He was unable to make the people understand his policies. The opposition Whig Party was happy over these developments. It saw an excellent chance to win the next presidential election.

The issues in American politics before the election of eighteen forty will be our story in the next program of THE MAKING OF A NATION.

(MUSIC)

ANNOUNCER:

Our program was written by Frank Beardsley. The narrators were Harry Monroe and Tony Riggs. Transcripts, MP3s and podcasts of our programs can be found, along with historical images, at voaspecialenglish.com. Join us again next week for THE MAKING OF A NATION - an American history series in VOA Special English.

___

Rabu, 07 Januari 2009

Pemilihan Rektor UIN Deadlock Selasa, 06 Januari 2009



PEKANBARU (RP)- Pemilihan Rektor Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) berbeda dengan biasanya. Kali ini dinilai diam-diam, sehingga tidak sedikit kalangan dosen yang tidak mengetahui pemilihan rektornya. Akibat buruknya, proses pemilihan ini akhirnya deadlock, dan akan dilanjutkan, Selasa (6/1) hari ini.

‘’Ya, memang kita sedang melaksanakan pemilihan rektor baru,’’ jelas Pembantu Rektor II UIN Suska Riau Dr H Ilyas Husti MA, ketika dikonfirmasi Riau Pos, Senin (5/1).

Menurut Ilyas, sejak pukul 14.00 WIB rapat senat universitas sudah dimulai, yakni membahas tata tertib (tatib) pelaksanan pemilihan rektor. Dua calon yang maju, yakni Prof Dr H Nazir Karim MA yang saat ini masih menjabat rektor dan Dr H Suryan A Jamrah MA Direktur Program Pasca-sarjana UIN Suska.

Menurut penjelasan Suryan pula, senat gagal menetapkan tatib, tersebab ada enam anggota senat yang harus dipilih kembali karena mereka menjabat dalam struktur universitas dan sebagian ada yang sedang melanjutkan pendidikan S3. Hal ini bertentangan dengan ketentuan anggota senat universitas.

‘’Dikarenakan mereka bermasalah, keenam anggota senat ini harus dipilih dulu. Paling lambat, Rabu 7 Januari ini mereka harus sudah diganti, setelah itu baru anggota senat universitas lengkap dan dapat melakukan pemilihan,’’ jelas Suryan.

Dijelaskan Suryan, hari ini, Selasa (6/1) senat universitas akan rapat kembali membahas sejumlah agenda tatib dan sejumlah permasalahan.

HM Nazir Karim selain calon juga merupakan ketua panitia, yang kapasitasnya sebagai ketua senat universitas, hal ini mendapat sorotan tajam dari sejumlah guru besar, seperti Prof Dr Alaiddin Koto MA, Prof Dr Sudirman M Johan MA, Prof Dr Zulasyari LA MA, Prof Dr Afrizal MA, Prof Dr Kurnia Ilahi MA, Dr Ahmad Mujahidin MA, Dr Kusnadi MA dan sejumlah anggota senat lainnya. Menurut Alaiddin Koto, seharusnya penitia dari kalangan netral, kendati posisi Nazir Karim sebagai Ketua Senat Universitas.

‘’Inilah masalahnya, saya menilai seharusnya pemilihan rektor itu terbuka. Lihat saja UI, ITB, IPB, mereka terbuka bahkan diiklankan ke media massa, siapa pun boleh mencalonkan. Sementara kita kesannya diam-diam, dan yang menjadi permasalahan, ketua panitianya dari calon itu sendiri yang juga sebenarnya rektor. Hari ini akan kita bahas,’’ ujar guru besar fiqh siasyah (politik) ini.(jrr)

Israel to Open Humanitarian Corridor to Gaza; Egypt Invites Parties to Cairo Talks By Margaret Besheer United Nations 07 January 2009





Palestinian medics carry a wounded man into the Shifa hospital in Gaza City, 06 Jan 2009
Palestinian medics carry a wounded man into the Shifa hospital in Gaza City, 06 Jan 2009
Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice told the U.N. Security Council Tuesday that Israel has agreed to open a humanitarian corridor into Gaza starting Wednesday. Meanwhile, Egypt's president has invited Israel and the Palestinian factions to talks in Cairo to end the escalation of violence. The U.N. Secretary-General has also announced he will go to the region next week.

Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas and several foreign ministers participated in the high-level Security Council session Tuesday evening.

President Abbas said that after 11 days of Israeli military action his people are gravely suffering and he urged council members to call for an immediate end to the violence.

"All of those people, and the Arab and Islamic peoples, indeed the entire world opinion will accept no less than an urgent intervention by the Security Council to stop the fire and deter the aggressor," said President Abbas. "This is the message I am bearing, a message I believe cannot be subject to any prevarication or delay."

He expressed support for the just announced offer from Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak to host both sides in talks, as early as Wednesday.

Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit said Cairo's initiative calls for Israel and the Palestinian factions to accept an immediate cease-fire for a specific period. He said this would allow for opening secure corridors for relief assistance to Gaza and enable Egypt to continue its efforts to reach a comprehensive, durable and permanent cease-fire.

Israel has yet to respond to the Egyptian invitation and its U.N. envoy Gabriela Shalev did not mention the proposal when she addressed the council. Instead, she said Israel's incursion has dealt the Hamas infrastructure a major blow, destroying dozens of its factories and training bases, diminishing its stockpiles of rockets and destroying many of its smuggling tunnels.

She said Israel had no choice in the face of such attacks but to act.

"In the face of such terrorism we have no choice," said Gabriela Shalev. "We have to defend ourselves - not from the Palestinian people, but from the terrorists who have taken them hostage."

U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice told the council that the United States is deeply concerned about the situation in the Gaza Strip, which she said is "clearly worsening", but said that any cease-fire Washington would support must be durable and sustainable, and not a return to the status quo ante.

"We need very much to find a solution to this problem in the short term," said Condoleezza Rice. "But it really must be a solution this time that doesn't allow Hamas to use Gaza as launching pad against Israeli cities. It has to be a solution that does not allow the rearmament of Hamas, and it must be a solution that finds a way to open crossings so that Palestinians in Gaza can have normal life."

Secretary Rice said Washington is working "around the clock" to end the violence and said Israel had agreed to open a humanitarian corridor starting Wednesday to bring some relief to the people of Gaza.

Meanwhile, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said he would go Israel, the occupied Palestinian territory and some regional capitals next week to help push diplomacy forward.

"But I do not believe we can wait until then to end the violence," said Ban Ki-moon. "We must achieve that now."

Mr. Ban repeated his calls for an immediate cease-fire that is durable and respected fully by all sides.

The Security Council has been unable to agree on a resolution calling for an immediate cease-fire, but diplomats say the effort is continuing to reach a consensus.

More than 600 Palestinians have died since Israel launched its air and ground assault 11 days ago. The United Nations estimates that one quarter of the victims have been civilians, including many children. Hamas rockets have killed at least four Israelis.

Selasa, 06 Januari 2009

Obama's strategic silence on Gaza

By Richard Lister
BBC News, Washington

Barack Obama
Mr Obama's position on the Middle East differs little from President Bush's

"There is one President at a time."

That is the mantra from the Obama transition team whenever it is confronted with an issue on which it would rather not comment.

It annoys senior Democrats like Representative Barney Frank, who said "that seriously overstates the number of Presidents we have".

And Mr Obama's silence on the situation in Gaza has also threatened to lose him support in the Arab world.

But the US constitution makes it pretty clear who is in charge at the moment and until 20 January, that person is George W Bush.

Power vacuum

Mr Obama does not have the legal authority to back his words with actions; he does not have an administration in place and he risks complicating what has otherwise been a smooth transition process if he decides to take on the presidential mantle before he is sworn in.

Yet it is not quite as simple as that, of course.

There is a power vacuum in Washington at the moment - as there always is in the waning weeks of any administration.

[Mr Obama is] not engaging in any action that could send confusing signals to the world about who speaks on behalf of the United States
Obama aide

But so profound is this one that the Obama team decided to raise the president-elect's profile in the weeks after his election.

He reassured financial markets that he was working behind the scenes on a far-reaching economic stimulus package.

When Mr Obama arrived in Washington, his first appointment was with the House Speaker, Nancy Pelosi, because as he said "the business of the people cannot wait".

He has made statements on the economy, the carmakers bailout, and the attacks in Mumbai - so why nothing on Gaza?

Well, with the exception of Mumbai, he has spoken only about domestic issues - seen as fair game for an incoming President.

The attacks in India were far more clear cut than the turmoil in Gaza.

They were an unusual event which presented no lingering policy issues and required no continuing diplomacy.

And that is key.

An unnamed Obama aide has reiterated that it is President Bush who is responsible for American diplomacy.

With that in mind, the Obama team is "not engaging in any action that could send confusing signals to the world about who speaks on behalf of the United States," the aide said.

Changing landscape

Gaza is a political minefield for Mr Obama.

If he makes a statement that suggests he would pursue a different Middle East policy from that of the Bush team, it would pull the rug from under the current administration's diplomatic efforts in the region.

It would also cost him Republican goodwill at home if he were to undermine President Bush in that way.

If he issues a statement which puts him in lock step with the Bush team's approach, then he loses flexibility when the issue arrives in his in-tray in two weeks time.

Whatever he says now will be regarded as policy, but the political landscape in the Middle East could be quite different when he is sworn in.

It may be that events on the ground create overwhelming pressure on Mr Obama to make some kind of statement.

If so, he will have to weigh up the diplomatic and political damage done by staying silent, against the damage done by saying something which will inevitably be condemned by one of the players in the region - and could come back to haunt him.

In fact, nothing he has said on the Middle East in the past has been significantly out of step with President Bush's policies.

Visiting the Israeli town of Sderot in July, he suggested that he too would respond if rockets were being fired at his house.

He has also spoken about the problem of negotiating with Hamas when it is "not representative of a nation state, does not recognise [Israel's] right to exist, has consistently used terror as a weapon and is deeply influenced by other countries".

However, he has been careful to avoid definitive statements which lock him into a particular course of action though.

All recent presidents have made some kind of policy shift in their efforts to find peace in the Middle East - President Bush was the first to call openly for a two-state solution, for example.

But there is very little political advantage for Barack Obama in revealing his hand before he sits at the table for rea

Fighting flares outside Gaza City

Israeli troops have clashed with Palestinian militants on the edge of Gaza City on the third night of Israel's ground assault on Gaza.

The Hamas and Islamic Jihad groups say fighters engaged Israeli soldiers with machine guns and rocket fire.

Three Israeli soldiers were also killed by "friendly fire" in northern Gaza.

Some 500 Palestinians are thought to have been killed and 2,500 wounded in the 10 days since Israel moved to end rocket attacks from within Gaza.

Palestinian medical officials say at least 90 people have died since the ground assault began while Israel has lost four soldiers and four civilians over the 10 days.

Aid agencies in Gaza speak of appalling conditions for treating casualties of the continuing Israeli bombardments.

Rejecting international appeals for a ceasefire, Israeli Defence Minister Ehud Barak said the operation would continue until it met its objective.

Foreign diplomatic efforts to resolve the crisis have borne little fruit so far.

Single shell

An Israeli army spokesman said three soldiers from the elite Golani Brigade had been killed accidentally by a single tank shell, with a further three severely wounded and 20 suffering lighter injuries.

The shell had hit a "structure" where the soldiers were located, he said

At nightfall on Monday, Israeli troops were reported to be battling Palestinian militants on the outskirts of the Shujaiya district of Gaza City.

Hamas and Islamic Jihad said their fighters had engaged Israeli soldiers with machine-guns and rockets. Residents reported hearing loud explosions and heavy gunfire.

Israel's Haaretz newspaper, quoting Israeli army sources, reports that says Hamas lobbed mortars at the soldiers.

Artillery and helicopter gunships were reportedly brought in to drive back the Palestinian fighters.

Israeli tanks were also reportedly moving towards the Bureij refugee camp in central Gaza and Beit Hanoun and the Jabaliya refugee camp saw clashes on Monday.

Information about what is happening inside Gaza is limited as Israel has barred foreign reporters from entering.

'Serious hunger'

Living conditions in Gaza are reported to be deteriorating sharply, with supplies of fuel, food, water and wheat running desperately low.


Map of Gaza

Map: Gaza incursion - Week Two
Analysis: Israeli pride at a cost
In pictures: Gaza offensive
BBC News in Arabic

Norwegian doctor Mads Gilbert, one of two foreign doctors working at Gaza's biggest hospital, al-Shifa, said operating rooms were full and people were dying because of a lack of supplies.

Israel says it is not targeting civilians but Dr Gilbert said he had only seen two fighters among hundreds of casualties.

The UN says a million people in the territory are without electricity and many are facing "serious hunger" within days.

Dominic Nutt, of the aid agency Save The Children, told the BBC that workers in the territory were reporting rapidly deteriorating conditions:

"They don't have any water most of the day, there is no electricity, they are freezing cold, the windows have to be left open to stop them smashing when the bombs fall.

"Children are at risk from hypothermia, they are malnourished, there is not enough food, the situation is getting desperate."

Thousands of Gazans are reported to have fled their homes, despite the dangers of moving around outdoors in the territory.

Israel says it has allowed a convoy of 80 lorries carrying food and medicines through Gaza's southern border with Egypt.

Peace bid

French President Nicolas Sarkozy is to travel to Damascus on Tuesday along with an EU delegation in a bid to persuade Syria to influence Hamas leaders to accept his plan for a ceasefire.

He held talks with Israeli and Palestinian leaders in the region on Monday.

Accusing Hamas of acting in an "irresponsible and unforgivable manner" by firing rockets into Israel, he appealed to Israel for a halt to the violence to allow in humanitarian aid.

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas is due to attend a UN Security Council meeting on Tuesday, along with the foreign ministers of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, France and Britain, in an attempt to put pressure on the Security Council to act decisively.

BBC News

Obama says US economy 'very sick'
Barack Obama answers questions from the press on 5 January
Mr Obama has just officially moved to Washington ahead of his inauguration

US President-elect Barack Obama has described America's economy as "very sick" and has said that the situation was worsening.

He said he expected that the latest US unemployment figures, due out later this week, would be sobering.

Earlier, he met politicians in Washington to discuss ways to boost the economy and create new jobs.

US media reports say he is planning a stimulus package worth more than $800bn (£551bn), including $300bn of tax cuts.

Mr Obama has said he wants a plan that will create 3m jobs by 2011.

The president-elect hopes to be able to enact the package shortly after his inauguration on 20 January.

"The economy is very sick," he said.

"We have to act and act now to break the momentum of this recession.

"We've got an extraordinary economic challenge ahead of us, we're expecting a sobering job report at the end of the week."

The US Labor department will release its December employment report on Friday and many economists are expecting the jobless figure to rise by 500,000, bringing the total US job losses for 2008 to about 2.5 million.

"Economists from across the political spectrum agree that if we don't act swiftly and boldly, we could see a much deeper economic downturn that could lead to double-digit unemployment and the American dream slipping further and further out of reach," Mr Obama said.

'Very serious situation'

The package is reported to include tax breaks for people earning less than $200,000 a year as well as tax credits for companies taking on additional staff.

There's a tension here between wanting to do the most meritorious projects for the long term and wanting to do stuff that boosts the economy quickly
Bob Greenstein
Center on B`udget and Policy Priorities

Besides $500 tax cuts for most workers and $1,000 for couples, the proposals are said to include tax breaks of more than $100bn for businesses.

The plan is likely to allow firms incurring losses last year to take a credit against profits dating back five years, instead of the two years currently allowed.

Another provision would award a one-year tax credit costing $40-50bn to companies that hire new workers, and would provide other incentives for business investment in new equipment.

In a weekend speech, Janet Yellen, president of the San Francisco Federal Reserve Bank, called for the government to put more money into stimulating the economy.

Mr Obama's economic team has been carving out a plan for several weeks and Vice President-elect Joe Biden said in an interview that the plans had been almost finalised before Christmas.

Mr Obama's spokesman Robert Gibbs said: "We've seen statistics, we've seen Christmas sales, consumer confidence and obviously upcoming job numbers, which underscore that a very serious situation has only gotten worse and isn't likely to get better any time soon."

The president-elect has now moved to Washington from Chicago and his meetings with legislators on Monday were the first formal discussions since his 4 November election victory.

Spending plans

Mr Obama's economic recovery plan depends on swiftly pumping hundreds of billions of federal dollars into the economy to create jobs.

The focus is on tax cuts and government spending that can provide an immediate lift to the economy.

However, the proposals also appear to contain money that might not actually get spent for several years, such as plans to rebuild the electric grid and buy billions of dollars of computers and software for the health care sector.

Some Republican critics say that the Democrats are simply using the current economic crisis to put money into long-term projects now, rather than in a few years when concerns about record budget deficits might threaten the spending.

"It's incredibly difficult to identify things that are valuable in the long run, can be financed in the short run and get the money out the door quickly," said former Congressional Budget Office director Douglas Holtz-Eakin, who advised Senator John McCain's presidential campaign.

Mr Obama's officials have promised a "use it or lose it" rule to force states and localities to spend new federal money quickly to stimulate jobs.

But some commentators say this could prompt local politicians to choose projects that can be built soon, rather than better ideas that might take longer.

"There's a tension here between wanting to do the most meritorious projects for the long term and wanting to do stuff that boosts the economy quickly," said budget expert Bob Greenstein of the liberal Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.

the corrs lyrics

Would You Be Happier
Februari 5, 2007 — Ngurah
Woo
Did you ever wonder where the story ends, and how it all began,
I do (I do, I do, I do, I do)
Did you ever dream you were the movie star with popcorn in your hand,
I did (I did, I did, I did)
Do you ever think you’re someone else inside,
when no one understands you are (you are)
And wanna disappear inside a dream but never wanna wake, wake uuuuuup
Then you stumble on tomorrow, and trip over today
[Chorus]
Would you be happier if you were someone together
Would the sun shine brighter if you played a bigger part
Would you be wonderful if it wasn’t for the weather
You’re gonna be just fine (gonna be just fine)
Are you not afraid to tell your story now,
when everyone is done it’s too late (too late, too late)
Was everything you’ve ever said or done not the way you planned,
mistaaaake
So you promised that tomorrow, be different than today
[Chorus]
Would you be happier if you were someone together
Would the sun shine brighter if you played a bigger part
Would you be wonderful if it wasn’t for the weather
You’re gonna be just fine
I think you’re gonna be just fine
You’re gonna be just fine
So don’t worry baby
You’re racing for tomorrow, not finished with today
Would you be happier if you were someone together
Would the sun shine brighter if you played a bigger part
Would you be wonderful if it wasn’t for the weather
I think you’re gonna be just fine
Would we be happier if we were someone together
Would the sun shine brighter if we played a bigger part
Would we be wonderful if it wasn’t for the weather
I think we’re gonna be just fine
I think you’re gonna be just fine
Don’t worry baby
Gonna be just fine
Don’t worry honey
Gonna be just fine
Don’t worry baby
Gonna be just fiiiiine
So Young
Februari 5, 2007 — Ngurah
We are taking it easy
Bright and breezy
We are living it up
Just fine and dandy
We are chasing the moon
Just running wild and free
We are following through
Every dream, and every need
And it really doesn’t matter that we don’t eat
And it really doesn’t matter that we don’t sleep
It really doesn’t matter, it really doesn’t matter at all
‘Cause we were so young then
We are so young, so young now
And when tomorrow comes
We’ll just do it all again
We are caught in a haze
On these lazy summer days
We’re spending all of our nights just
A-laughing and kissing, yeah
No it really doesn’t matter if we don’t sleep
No it really doesn’t matter if we don’t sleep
It really doesn’t matter at all
And it really doesn’t matter that we don’t eat
And it really doesn’t matter that we don’t sleep
It really doesn’t matter, it really doesn’t matter at all
And it really doesn’t matter that we don’t eat
And it really doesn’t matter that we don’t sleep
It really doesn’t matter, it really doesn’t matter at all
THE CORRS LYRICS

"Runaway"

Say it's true, there's nothing like me and you
I'm not alone, tell me you feel it too

And I would run away
I would run away, yeah..., yeah
I would run away
I would run away with you

Cause I am falling in love with you
No never I'm never gonna stop
Falling in love with you

Close the door, lay down upon the floor
And by candlelight, make love to me through the night
(through the night, through the night...)

Cause I have run away
I have run away, yeah..., yeah
I have run away, run away
I have run away with you

Cause I am falling in love (falling in love) with you
No never I'm never gonna stop
Falling in love with you...
With you...

And I would runaway
I would runaway, yeah..., yeah
I would runaway (runaway)
I would runaway with you

Cause I am falling in love (falling in love) with you
No never I'm never gonna stop
Falling in love with you...

Falling in love (falling in love) with you
No never I'm never gonna stop falling in love with you

With you, my love, with you...
na ni na ni na na...
(With you, with you, with you, with you)


Radio
Februari 5, 2007 — Ngurah
It’s late at night, and I’m feeling down
There are couples standing on the street,
Sharing summer kisses and city sounds~
So I step inside, for a glass of wine.
With a full glass and an empty heart,
I search for something to occupy my mind
But you are in my head,
swimming forever in my head,
Tangled in my dreams,
swimming forever
So I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
All the songs we used to know (listen to the radio)
So I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
Remember where we used to go
Now its morning light, and it’s cold outside,
Caught up in a distant dream I try
And think that you are by my side
So I leave my bed, and I try to dress,
Wondering why my mind plays tricks
And fools me into thinking you are there
But you’re just in my head,
Swimming forever in my head,
Not lying in my bed,
just swimming forever
So I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
All the songs we used to know (listen to the radio)
So I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
Remember where we used to go
I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
All the songs we used to know (listen to the radio)
I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
Remember how we used to go
You are in my head,
swimming forever in my head
Tangled in my dreams,
swimming forever (swimming forever)
Swimming forever
So I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
All the songs we used to know (listen to the radio)
So I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
Remember where we used to go
I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
All the songs we used to know (listen to the radio)
I listen to the radio (listen to the radio)
THE CORRS LYRICS

"Breathless"

Go on go on
Leave me breathless
Come on [echo...]

Hey... yeah...

The daylight's fading slowly
The time with you is standing still
I'm waiting for you only
The slightest touch and I feel weak
I cannot lie, from you I cannot hide
And I'm losing the will to try
Can't hide it (can't hide it), can't fight it (can't fight it)

So go on, go on, come on, leave me breathless
Tempt me, tease me, until I can't deny
This loving feeling (loving feeling)
Make me long for your kiss
Go on (go on), go on (go on)
Yeah...
Come on
Yeah...

And if there's no tomorrow
And all we have is here and now
I'm happy just to have you
You're all the love I need somehow
It's like a dream
Although I'm not asleep
And I never want to wake up
Don't lose it (don't lose it), don't leave it (don't leave it)

So go on, go on, come on, leave me breathless
Tempt me, tease me, until I can't deny
This loving feeling (loving feeling)
Make me long for your kiss
Go on (go on), go on (go on)
Yeah...
Come on [echo...]

[Guitar's solo] Yeah-ie, yeah, yeah-ie, yeah...

And I can't lie
From you I cannot hide
And I've lost my will to try
Can't hide it (can't hide it), can't fight it, (can't fight it)

So go on, (go on) go on, (go on), come on, leave me breathless
Tempt me, tease me, until I can't deny
This loving feeling (loving feeling) Make me long for your kiss

Go on, (go on) go on, (go on) come on, leave... me breathless
Go on, (go on) go on, (go on) come on, leave... me breathless
Go on, (go on) go on, (go on) come on, leave... me breathless
Go on... go on!

THE CORRS LYRICS

"The Right Time"

This is the right time
Once in a lifetime

So I find it hard to sleep
Don't you know
The sun is shinin' in my window
Life's in flow
Makin' music in the morning
Laughter's light
Creativity touches
In full flight

This is the right time, once in a lifetime

Keep it going, let's not lose it
Feel the flow
Ohhhh, flying free in a fantasy
With you I'll go

This is the right time
Once in a lifetime

Now something has entered my mind
Shattering all of my thoughts
It's no good, it's just one big waste of my time
But what can I do to recall...

This is the right time, once in a lifetime
This is the right time, once in a lifetime
This is the right time, once in a lifetime
This is the right time, once in a lifetime
This is the right time, once in a lifetime

THE CORRS LYRICS

"I Never Loved You Anyway"

You bored me with your stories
I can't belive that I endured you for as long as I did
I'm happy, it's over, I'm only sorry
That I didn't make the move before you

And when you go I will remember
To send a thankyou note to that girl, (oh that girl)
I see she's holding you so tender
Well I just wanna say...
(Just wanna say...)

I never really loved you anyway
No I didn't love you anyway
I never really loved you anyway
I'm so glad you're moving away

Valentino, I don't think so
You watching MTV while I lie dreaming in an MT bed
And come to think of it
I was misled
My flat, my food, my everything
And thoughts inside my head

Before you go I must remember
To have a quiet word with that girl
(Oh that girl)
Does she know you're not a spender
Well I just have to say...
(Just wanna say...)

I never really loved you anyway
No I didn't love you anyway
I never really loved you anyway
I'm so happy you're moving away

Yeah, I am

[Andrea and Sharon solo]

Yeah, I am

[Andrea and Sharon solo]

(And when you go I will remember)
I must remember to say...

I never really loved you anyway
No I didn't love you anyway
I never really loved you anyway
I never really loved you anyway
Never really loved you anyway
(I never really loved you anyway)
No I didn't love you anyway
(Never loved you anyway)
Never truly loved you anyway
(I Never loved you anyway)
I'm so happy you're moving away
Yeah I'm delighted you're moving away

[Instruments to fade]

THE CORRS LYRICS

"Irresistable"

You're irresistable, you're na-ia-ia-ia...

Don't want you for the weekend
Don't want you for a day
Don't need love devided
Don't want to feel this way
See I want you to need me (the way I need you)
Just like I need you (the way I see you)
And I want you to see me
Like no-one before

You're irresistable - natural, physical
It's indefinable - magical, illigical
So make-you-mineable, you're mine...

So can't you see I'm tortured
Oh can't you hear my pain
If you just let me show you (show you)
I'll be your summer rain
Then you'll feel that you want me (the way I'm feeling...)
The way I want you (the way I want you...)
And you know nothing's better
It's like nothing before

You're irresistable - natural, physical
It's indefinable - magical, illigical
So make-you-mineable, you're mine...

Now you feel what I'm feeling (don't you feel what I'm feeling...)
Don't you know that it's more (it can take you places...)
It can take you places
Like never before...

You're irresistable - natural, physical
It's indefinable - magical, illigical
So make-you-mineable, you're mine...
(You're irresistable You're irresistable - (natural) natural, physical
(Indefinable) So indefinable - (magical) magical, illigical
(So make you...) So make-you-mineable, you're mine...


THE CORRS LYRICS

"Forgiven Not Forgotten"

All alone, staring on
Watching her life go by
When her days are grey
And her nights are black
Different shades of mundane
And the one eyed furry toy
That lies upon the bed
Has often heard her cry
And heard her whisper out a name
Long forgiven, but not forgotten

You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're not forgotten

A bleeding heart torn apart
Left on an icy grave
In the room where they once lay
Face to face
Nothing could get in their way
But now the memories of the man are haunting her days
And the craving never fades
She's still dreaming of a man
Long forgiven, but not forgotten

You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're not forgotten

Still alone, staring on
Wishing her life goodbye
As she goes searching for the man
Long forgiven, but not forgotten

You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're forgiven not forgotten
You're not forgotten
You're not forgotten
No, You're not forgotten

THE CORRS LYRICS

"Only When I Sleep"

You're only just a dreamboat
Sailing in my head
You swim my secret oceans
Of coral blue and red
Your smell is incense burning
Your touch is silken yet
It reaches through my skin
And moving from within
It clutches at my breast

But it's only when I sleep
See you in my dreams
You got me spinning round and round
Turning upside-down
But I only hear you breathe

Somewhere in my sleep
Got me spinning round and round
Turning upside-down
But its only when I sleep

And when I wake from slumber
Your shadow's disappear
Your breath is just a sea mist
Surrounding my body
I'm workin' through the daytime
But when it's time to rest
I'm lying in my bed
Listening to my breath
Falling from the edge

But it's only when I sleep
See you in my dreams, (dreams)
You got me spinning round and round
Turning upside-down
But I only hear you breathe
Somewhere in my sleep, (in my sleep)
Got me spinning round and round
Turning upside-down
But its only when I sleep
It's only when I sleep

[Sharon & Andrea solo]

Up to the sky
Where angels fly
I'll never die
Hawaiian High
In bed I lie
No need to cry
My sleeping cry
Hawaiian High

It's reaching through my skin
Movin' from within
And clutches at my breasts...

But it's only when I sleep...
See you in my dreams, (dreams)
You got me spinning round and round
Turning upside-down
But I only hear you breathe

In bed I lie
No need to cry
My sleeping cry
Hawaiian High

But it's only when I sleep... aaaaaaa....
Got me spinning round and round
(Turning upside-down)

Up to the sky
Where angels fly
I'll never die
Hawaiian High
But it's only when I sleep...




THE CORRS LYRICS
"What Can I Do"

I haven't slept at all in days
It's been so long since we've talked
And I have been here many times
I just don't know what I'm doing wrong

What can I do to make you love me
What can I do to make you care
What can I say to make you feel this
What can I do to get you there

There's only so much I can take
And I just got to let it go
And who knows I might feel better, yeah
If I don't try and I don't hope

What can I do to make you love me
What can I do to make you care
What can I say to make you feel this
What can I do to get you there

No more waiting, no more, aching...
No more fighting, no more, trying...

Maybe there's nothing more to say
And in a funny way I'm calm
Because the power is not mine
I'm just going to let it fly

What can I do to make you love me
(What can I do to make you love me)
What can I do to make you care
(What can I do to make you care)
What can I say to make you feel this
(What can I do to make you love me)
What can I do to get you there
(What can I do to make you care)
What can I do to make you love me
(What can I do to make you love me)
What can I do to make you care
(What can I do to make you care)
What can I change to make you feel this
(What can I do to make you love me)
What can I do to get you there
(What can I do to make you care)

And love me... love me...



THE CORRS LYRICS

"Love To Love You"

I would love to love you like you do me
I'd love to love you like you do me
There's a pillar in my way you see
I'd love to love you like you do me

I met you on a sunny Autumn day
You instantly attracted me
When asking for the way
God if I had known the pain I'd make you feel
I would have stopped this thought of us
And turned upon my heel

(Go you should leave me)
Time make it be alright
(Go you must leave me)
Time will help you see the light
(You don't need me)
Time make it be alright
(Go you must leave me)
Believe me when I tell you

I would love to love you like you do me
I'd love to love you like you do me
There's a pillar in my way you see
I'd love to love you like you do me

You recognised my barrier to love
I know there's nothing worse
Than unrequited love,(unrequited love)
So I prayed to God that I could give the love you gave to me
But something's lying in my way, preventing it to be

(Go you should leave me)
Time make it be alright
(Go you must leave me)
Believe me when I tell you

I would love to love you like you do me
I'd love to love you like you do me
There's a pillar in my way you see
I'd love to love you like you do me
I would love to love you like you do me
I'd love to love you like you do me
There's a pillar in my way you see
I'd love to love you like you do me

Break those pillars down
Break those pillars down
Take those pillars down, down, down
Oh, take those pillars down
(Love to love you like you do me)
Break those pillars down
(Love to love you like you do me)
Oh take those pillars down
(Love to love you)
(Love to love you)
(Love to love you)
Take those pillars down
(Love to love you)

[Fade out]

THE CORRS LYRICS

"Everybody Hurts"

When your day is long
And the night
The night is yours alone
When you're sure you've had enough of this life
Well hang on

Don't let yourself go
Cause everybody cries
And everybody hurts
Sometimes

Sometimes everything is wrong
Now it's time to sing along
(When your day is night alone)
Hold on, hold on
(If you feel like letting go)
Hold on
If you think you've had too much of this life
Well hang on

Cause everybody hurts
Take comfort in your friends
Everybody hurts

Don't throw your hand
Oh, no
Don't throw your hand
When you feel like you're alone
No, no, no, you're not alone

If you're on your own
In this life
The days and nights are long
When you think you've had too much
Of this life
To hang on

Well, everybody hurts
Sometimes, everybody cries
And everybody hurts
Sometimes

And everybody hurts
Sometimes

So, hold on, hold on
Hold on, hold on
Hold on, hold on
Hold on, hold on
(Everybody hurts
You are not alone)

THE CORRS LYRICS

"Dreams"

Now here you go again, you say you want your freedom
Well who am I to keep you down
It's only right that you should play the way you feel it
But listen carefully to the sound
Of your loneliness

Like a heartbeat drives you mad
In the stillness of remembering what you had
And what you lost

Yeah, thunder only happens when it's raining
Players only love you when they're playing
Yeah, women they will come and they will go
When the rain washes you clean you'll know, you'll know...

Now here I go again, I see the crystal visions
I keep my visions to myself
Well It's only me that wants to wrap around your dreams and
Have you any dreams you'd like to sell
Dreams of loneliness

Like a heartbeat drives you mad
In the stillness of remembering what you had
(Drives you mad,) and what you lost, (remember what you had)

Thunder only happens when it's raining
(Thunder only happens when it's...)
Players only love you when they're playing
(Players only love you when they're...)
Yeah, women they will come and they will go, (they will go...)
When the rain washes you clean you'll know...

Yeah, thunder only happens when it's raining
(Thunder only happens when it's...)
Players only love you when they're playing
(Players only love you when they're...)
Yeah, women they will come and they will go, (they will go...)
When the rain washes you clean you'll know...

You'll know, (the heartbeat drives you mad,) you'll know, (remember what you had)
You'll know...

[Fade out]

THE CORRS LYRICS

"All The Love In The World"

I'm not looking for someone to talk to
I've got my friend, I'm more than O.K.
I've got more than a girl could wish for
I live my dreams but it's not all they say
Still I believe (I'm missing) I'm missing something real
I need someone who really sees me...

(Don't wanna wake...) Don't wanna wake up alone anymore
Still believing you'll walk through my door
All I need is to know it's for sure
Then I'll give... all the love in the world

I've often wondered if love's an illusion
Just to get you through the loneliest days
I can't criticize it
I have no hestitaion
My imagination just stole me away
(Still...) Still I believe
(I'm missing) I'm missing something real
I need someone who really sees me...

(Don't wanna wake...) Don't wanna wake up alone anymore
Still believing you'll walk through my door
All I need is to know it's for sure
Then I'll give... all the love in the world

Love's for a lifetime not for a moment
So how could I throw it away
Yeah I'm only human
And nights grow colder
With no-one to love me that way
Yeah I need someone who really sees me...

(Don't wanna wake...) And i won't wake up alone anymore
Still believing you'll walk through my door
You'll reach for me and I'll know it's for sure
Then I'll give all the love in the world
(Don't wanna wake up alone anymore...)


THE CORRS LYRICS

"Give Me A Reason"

Give me a reason... (Give me a reason... Give me a reason...)

It's not romantic here in blue
Swimming, swimming in blue
You left me lonely and confused
Question, questioning you
So soon goodbye you stole my heart
I'm believing you
Was it a lie right from the start
Answer, answer me do...

Well now my body's weak - so just give me a reason
And my make-up's off - so just give me a reason
And my defense's down - so just give me a reason
Give me a reason
Give me a reason

You'll never know the love I felt
Waiting, waiting for you
It takes a weak heart to forget
Follow, follow it through

Well now my body's weak - so just give me a reason
And my make-up's off - so just give me a reason
And my defense's down - so just give me a reason
Give me a reason
Give me a reason
Give me a reason...

[Violin solo]

So what's a girl like me to do
Drowning, drowning in you
And who's to save me from the blue
Carry, carry me through

Cause now my body's weak - so just give me a reason
And my make-up's off - so just give me a reason
And my defense's down - so just give me a reason
I am strong enough - so just give me a reason
Now my body's weak - so just give me a reason
And my make-up's off - so just give me a reason
My defense's down - so just give me a reason
Give me a reason
Give me a reason
Give me a reason
Give me a reason
Give me a reason
What did I do wrong...



The Corrs - Make You Mine lyrics


Wondering, waiting for the day to fade away
So I can hold you once again and chase the fears away

Lie with me
Show me how you feel
I'm falling for you deeper everyday

When the night turns over
I'll lie with you
When the morning wakes you
I'm there by you
When the daylight takes you
I'll miss you
Til you come back home to me
And I can make you mine oh mine, yeah-ie, yeah

Wanting you
Every waking moment I'm on fire (I'm on fire, I'm on fire)
Always needing you
I'm aching for you only I'll never tire (promise me)

Promise me
This is how we'll be
I'm falling deeper everyday

When the night turns over I'll lie with you
When the morning wakes you
I'm there by you
When the daylight takes you
I'll miss you til you come back home to me
When you come back home to me

I'll break you
I'll chase you
You'll find that you can't stand to be away
Not for a day (not for a day)
Oh and when life defies you
I'll be the soul
You'll never go astray
And you'll be mine, mine, mine, mine, mine

(Fly with me, loose reality)
I'm falling deeper everyday
So when the night turns over
I'll lie with you
When the morning wakes you
I'm there for you
When the daylight takes you
I'll miss you
Til you come back home to me
And I can make you mine
When the night turns over
I'll lie with you
When the morning wakes you
I'm there by you
When the daylight takes you
I'll miss you til you come back home to me
And I can make you mine, mine, oh mine
Oh mine

http://www.lyricsmania.com/lyrics/corrs_the_lyrics_1759/best_of_the_corrs_lyrics_4011/make_you_mine_lyrics_48078.html

BON JOVI LYRICS

"Have A Nice Day"

Why, you wanna tell me how to live my life?
Who, are you to tell me if it's black or white?
Mama, can you hear me? Try to understand.
Is innocence the difference between a boy and a man.
My daddy lived the lie, it's just the price that he paid.
Sacrificed his life, just slavin' away.

Ohhh, if there's one thing I hang onto,
That gets me through the night.
I ain't gonna do what I don't want to,
I'm gonna live my life.
Shining like a diamond, rolling with the dice,
Standing on the ledge, I show the wind how to fly.
When the world gets in my face,
I say, Have A Nice Day.
Have A Nice Day

Take a look around you; nothing's what it seems
We're living in the broken home of hopes and dreams,
Let me be the first to shake a helping hand.
Anybody brave enough to take a stand,
I've knocked on every door, on every dead end street,
Looking for forgiveness,
what's left to believe?

Ohhh, if there's one thing I hang onto,
That gets me through the night.
I ain't gonna do what I don't want to,
I'm gonna live my life.
Shining like a diamond, rolling with the dice,
Standing on the ledge, I show the wind how to fly.
When the world gets in my face,
I say, Have A Nice Day.
Have A Nice Day.

[Guitar Solo]

Ohhh, if there's one thing I hang onto,
That gets me through the night.
I ain't gonna do what I don't want to,
I'm gonna live my life.
Shining like a diamond, rolling with the dice,
Standing on the ledge, I show the wind how to fly.
When the world gets in my face,
I say, Have A Nice Day.
Have A Nice Day.
Have A Nice Day.
Have A Nice Day.
Have A Nice Day.

When The world keeps trying, to drag me down,
I've gotta raise my hands, gonna stand my ground.
Well I say, Have A Nice Day.
Have A Nice Day
Have A Nice Day

Blogger

* Creative Consulting


Blogger Indonesia Semakin Kreatif Dan Semakin Menghasilkan
Selasa, 30 Desember 2008 16:43 WIB
485 Dibaca
Creative Consulting
By: Yoris Sebastian [ Profile ]
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Saya sungguh senang hadir dan tampil di Pesta Blogger 2008. Saya tampil di breakout session dengan tema ‘Menjadi Blogger yang Kreatif’ dan serunya, saya tampil bersama Raditya Dika.

Raditya Dika adalah seorang blogger yang sudah mulai nge-blog sejak 2002. Kegemarannya ini berbuah manis saat Gagas Media bersedia untuk menerbitkan Kambing Jantan, kumpulan cerita pendek dari blog tersebut. Dan saat ini, Rudi Sujarwo mengangkat cerita tersebut ke layar lebar. Jadilah Raditya Dika (Radith) memerankan tokoh yang tak lain dirinya sendiri.

Menarik, karena walau cerita-cerita Radith konyol dan lucu – ia justru mengambil domain ‘penulis yang bodoh’ di berbagai sudut blog miliknya. Tak heran bila kita google ‘bodoh’ dan telusuri di web Indonesia, blog miliknya masuk urutan 7.

Selain memiliki positioning, Radith tampaknya serius mempersiapkan dirinya. Dibalik segalah ‘kebodohan’ yang ia tampilkan di-blog maupun saat tampil di Pesta Blogger, Radith tampak banyak mencari referensi. Sebut saja Jerry Seinfeld, Dane Cook dan Ellen DeGeneres kerap ia sebut.

Teknologi memang merubah segalanya. Kalau dulu Hilman sukses dengan Lupus, tokoh fiksi yang sangat di-inspirasikan oleh kehidupan pribadinya lewat majalah HAI. Sekarang seorang pembaca Lupus, Raditya Dika tidak lagi sukses lewat majalah cetak namun melalui media baru bernama blog.

Kambing Jantan menjadi blog pertama yang diangkat ke layar lebar. Jelas hal ini merupakan terobosan dan angin segar bagi para blogger Indonesia. Blogging bukan lagi main-main dan tampaknya sudah menjadi budaya populer di Indonesia. Kalau dulu blog hanya memberikan ‘fame’ kini blog sudah bisa memberikan ‘fortune’ juga.

Tidak salah kalau pemerintah menaruh perhatian besar ke industry kreatif. Dengan modal terbilang rendah namun mempunyai opportunity untuk mendapatkan keuntungan yang sangat besar.

Kalau dulu Hilman sukses di HAI sendirian. Sekarang Radith sukses di dunia bloggosphere, mampu membuka jalan bagi para blogger lainnya. Yup, di bloggosphere tidak ada batasan halaman.

Masih banyak blogger yang semakin sukses, sebut saja Fajar Nugros yang sebentar lagi akan meluncurkan novel Bunuh Diri Massal 2008 yang diambil dari cerita bersambung yang dimuat sebanyak 7 episode di-blog. Tahun depan rencananya Bunuh Diri Massal 2009 akan diluncurkan di handphone sebagai e-novel dimana Fajar akan menerima sejumlah royalties dari penjualan e-novel tadi.

Blogpreneur, begitulah istilah yang tepat untuk para blogger yang memanfaatkan teknologi ini untuk mendapatkan uang. Mulai dari jualan cake, baju dan lain sebagainya. Apalagi bila nantinya payment gateway sudah ada, wah pasti akan menjadi ledakan ekonomi yang tinggi.

So, kesempatan sudah terbentang luas. Saatnya para blogger merebut kesempatan… Good luck! Always be creative…

http://yoris72sebastian.wordpress.com

Minggu, 04 Januari 2009

Palestina

Israel Launches Ground Offensive Into Gaza
By Sonja Pace
Jerusalem
04 January 2009


Israel infantry soldiers wait before leaving Israel for the northern Gaza Strip, Saturday, Jan. 3, 2009
Israel infantry soldiers wait before leaving Israel for the northern Gaza Strip, Saturday, Jan. 3, 2009
Israel has begun a ground offensive in Gaza, sending in troops and tanks and continuing to carry out air strikes as well.

Israeli tanks and troops began to move into the Gaza Strip Saturday evening under cover of darkness.

In a televised address, Defense Minister Ehud Barak explained the mission. "Our aim is to force Hamas to stop its hostile activities against Israel and Israelis from Gaza," he said.

Israeli officials have made it clear, they want to significantly diminish the capability of Hamas to continue to launch rockets into southern Israel.

A ground operation had been widely anticipated and came as Israeli air strikes went into their second week.

Ehud Barak said Israel had carefully weighed all its options. "We are not war hungry but we shall not - I repeat we shall not - allow a situation where our towns, villages, and civilians are constantly targeted by Hamas. It will not be easy or short, but we are determined," he said.

Speaking with VOA from Gaza City, Palestinian journalist Mohammed Dawwas gave a firsthand account of what Palestinian families are experiencing. "I moved out of my house out of fear. They were bombarding near my house. I moved to my father in law's house. Well, it's completely dark. What I saw was they bombed the office of the president just now. We just hear the explosions. We don't see anything even during the day time," he said.

Israel had kept up the pressure throughout the day, striking at some 40 targets.

Diplomatic efforts to end the fighting continue as well and French President Nicolas Sarkozy is due in the region Monday as part of that effort.

F12m@n's Article

Formulating Goals and Objectives

At the moment I believed in reading can improve our ability in English, because based on my research I found that reading is useful for student who has difficulties in understanding English, especially in Senior high school. I find there are many functions of reading for students. They are:

  1. Reading skill can support the students in speaking.

Speaking is related with pronunciation. When we are speaking, we will produce a sound from our lips which is called pronunciation. Pronunciation means how to pronounce the word that we want to say to the audiences in order to make them understand what we means. If the students have skill in reading, it can help them in speaking. Because in reading, they will study about the pronunciation unconsciously. So, I believe that reading can help the students in speaking.

  1. Reading skill improves the students in listening.

Listening is how to analyze and understand the sound of the word that we have heard. Reading a lot is very useful in improving the students’ skills in listening, because in reading the students will listen the sound of the word that they red.

  1. Reading skill can help the students in Structure.

Language is custom, the students will be more understand about structure through reading skill.

Thanks

my sister


Frida Lidwina
LIDWINA LEARNED FROM TIME AWAY

Sometimes it takes going away to make you feel more at home.
That's what Frida Lidwina experienced during her four years studying in the U.S.
The Jakarta native decided early on that she wanted to be a journalist, as a child watching the American television series "Murphy Brown" about a fictional anchorwoman.
"I probably didn't know what she did, but I know I wanted to be like her," says Lidwina.
It was while attending the University of California-Berkeley when she felt the strong ties to her home country.
"When I was in America I felt a lot more Indonesian than when I'm home. I guess it's something we all want to hang onto," she says. "And here I feel more international."
There were no other Indonesians in her journalism program at the time, so Lidwina learned to depend on herself. "It was lonely... just me," she recalled. "I learned to survive on my own."
Now she spends her free time around friends, either mall-hopping, seeing movies or dining out.
"I love Japanese food. And junk food!" she laughs.
Her long-range goal is simple.
"I would love to be a good mother, and balance my career and personal life."
frida@metrotvnews.com